A Code Of Wonder (The Code Breakers Series Book... !LINK!
The code name Boniface was used as a cover name for Ultra. In order to ensure that the successful code-breaking did not become apparent to the Germans, British intelligence created a fictional MI6 master spy, Boniface, who controlled a fictional series of agents throughout Germany. Information obtained through code-breaking was often attributed to the human intelligence from the Boniface network.[3][4] The U.S. used the codename Magic for its decrypts from Japanese sources, including the "Purple" cipher.[5]
A Code of Wonder (The Code Breakers Series Book...
In June 1941, the Germans started to introduce on-line stream cipher teleprinter systems for strategic point-to-point radio links, to which the British gave the code-name Fish.[24] Several systems were used, principally the Lorenz SZ 40/42 (Tunny) and Geheimfernschreiber (Sturgeon). These cipher systems were cryptanalysed, particularly Tunny, which the British thoroughly penetrated. It was eventually attacked using Colossus machines, which were the first digital programme-controlled electronic computers. In many respects the Tunny work was more difficult than for the Enigma, since the British codebreakers had no knowledge of the machine producing it and no head-start such as that the Poles had given them against Enigma.[16]
After encryption systems were "broken", there was a large volume of cryptologic work needed to recover daily key settings and keep up with changes in enemy security procedures, plus the more mundane work of processing, translating, indexing, analyzing and distributing tens of thousands of intercepted messages daily.[86] The more successful the code breakers were, the more labor was required. Some 8,000 women worked at Bletchley Park, about three quarters of the work force.[87] Before the attack on Pearl Harbor, the US Navy sent letters to top women's colleges seeking introductions to their best seniors; the Army soon followed suit. By the end of the war, some 7000 workers in the Army Signal Intelligence service, out of a total 10,500, were female. By contrast, the Germans and Japanese had strong ideological objections to women engaging in war work. The Nazis even created a Cross of Honour of the German Mother to encourage women to stay at home and have babies.[72]
Following Operation Barbarossa, decrypts in August 1941 alerted British authorities to the many massacres in occupied zones of the Soviet Union, including those of Jews, but specifics were not made public for security reasons.[105] Revelations about the concentration camps were gleaned from other sources, and were publicly reported by the Polish government-in-exile, Jan Karski and the WJC offices in Switzerland a year or more later.[106] A decrypted message referring to "Einsatz Reinhard" (the Höfle Telegram), from January 11, 1943, may have outlined the system and listed the number of Jews and others gassed at four death camps the previous year, but codebreakers did not understand the meaning of the message.[107] In summer 1944, Arthur Schlesinger, an OSS analyst, interpreted the intelligence as an "incremental increase in persecution rather than... extermination."[108]
On August 14, 1945 at 7 pm, President Truman announced the Japanese surrender to a weary but euphoric nation (Code Girls, pg. 329). Of course the code breakers already knew this important development and, consistent with their professional etiquette, kept it quiet.
Just as quickly as the code breakers were trained and thrown into their wartime assignments, they were thanked and dismissed from their posts, and told it was their patriotic duty to get off the government payroll. (Code Girls, pg. 331). Women returning from the war were expected to embrace domestic life and leave the jobs to the men.
Recruited by the U.S. Army and Navy from small towns and elite colleges, more than ten thousand women served as codebreakers during World War II. While their brothers and boyfriends took up arms, these women moved to Washington and learned the meticulous work of code-breaking. Their efforts shortened the war, saved countless lives, and gave them access to careers previously denied to them. A strict vow of secrecy nearly erased their efforts from history; now, through dazzling research and interviews with surviving code girls, bestselling author Liza Mundy brings to life this riveting and vital story of American courage, service, and scientific accomplishment.
Four women who worked as codebreakers at Bletchley Park have taken up civilian lives. Susan has collated data about a series of murders. She tries to convince the police she knows where another body is, but they are unable to locate it and dismiss her. She turns to her three friends and they work out where the next victim will be taken, find the body, and then decide they are the only ones who can track down the killer.
Until the 1980s, all the old code-breakers were on an oath of total silence. For decades, wives did not tell husbands, and vice versa. Children had no idea what Daddy and Mummy did in the war. Even siblings who worked at the Park never talked about what they did. Since the silence has lifted, there has been plenty of catching up for these octogenarians and nonagenarians to do. But though the turnout today is very good, the melancholy truth is that there are many fewer than there used to be.
Unlike clothes closets, there is no specific language in the NEC saying you cannot put an electrical panel in a storage room. Doing so can often be a convenient location to put an electrical panel, as it is accessible and easy to locate. Plus, it keeps them out of sight, unlike a hallway.To place an electrical panel in a storage room, you have to ensure that it is compliant with the rest of the codes, most notably:The storage room must not be used primarily to store flammable materials such as clothes, fuel, rags, paper, etc. A pantry or broom closet would work, as neither contains an abundance of combustible materials. The room must be large enough to comply with all proper clearance requirements. It must be at least 6 feet and 5 inches high and allow 30 inches to either side of the panel and 36 inches in front. Lastly, it needs to be free of corrosive substances, and the occupants need to have access to the storage room at all times. If you can fulfill those requirements, a storage room is a great place to put your electrical panel. Are Electrical Panels Required to be Locked?The interior electric panel doors have a latch on the panel cover door to secure the panel closed.Exterior electrical panels have a door that latches at the bottom. Often, homeowners will padlock these panels closed to prevent intruders from accessing the breakers or main disconnect and cutting power to the house. A padlocked electrical panel is a safety issue that can prevent access to the electric breakers in an emergency. 041b061a72